What is Tirzepatide?

Overview

Tirzepatide is a synthetic dual-agonist peptide that targets both glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. It represents a significant advancement in peptide research for metabolic studies.

Mechanism of Action

Tirzepatide integrates the activity of two incretin hormones into a single molecule. By activating both GIP and GLP-1 receptors, it enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner while simultaneously reducing glucagon release and slowing gastric emptying.

Research Applications

Key areas of investigation include:

• Glycaemic control – effects on blood glucose regulation
• Insulin sensitivity – improvements in peripheral insulin action
• Body composition – redistribution of adipose tissue
• Cardiovascular markers – effects on lipid profiles and blood pressure

Molecular Profile

Property

Detail

Sequence length	39 amino acids
Receptor targets	GIP, GLP-1
Half-life	~5 days
Molecular class	Synthetic peptide

References

1. Frías JP, et al. "Tirzepatide versus semaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes." NEJM, 2021.

2. Jastreboff AM, et al. "Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity." NEJM, 2022.